The Faculty
Benjamin Aronson
James R. Blauth
Susan L. Blauth
William Casale
Caryl A. Forristall
Candace Glendening
James R. Malcolm
Lisa E. Olson
Bryce Ryan
Linda A. Silveira
Lei Lani Stelle
Dustin R. VanOverbeke
The Major
There are four categories of courses within the biology curriculum, each designed for different needs. The first group (BIOL 103 through 160) consists of courses for non-majors and may include consideration of scientific methodology as well as subject matter of interest to non-scientists. These courses may not be taken for credit toward the Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of Arts in biology.
The second category (BIOL 200 through BIOL 239) is part of both the major and minor requirements and consists of courses that introduce key aspects of biology.
Courses in the third group (BIOL 260 through BIOL 360, with the exception of BIOL 341) are designed to provide a firm foundation in basic sub-disciplines. By careful selection with a faculty advisor, students can tailor a program to fit individual career goals. Note that only Comparative Physiology (BIOL 334) or Human Physiology (BIOL 344) will count toward the biology degree. Similarly, only Vertebrate Anatomy (BIOL 337) or Human Anatomy (BIOL 317) will count toward the biology degree. Most of the courses in this category have prerequisites and are taken by majors, but non-majors who have the prerequisites often enroll. Selected courses from the Environmental Studies department may apply in this category with permission of the Biology department.
In courses in the fourth category, (BIOL 293, BIOL 394, BIOL 460, BIOL 461, BIOL 495, BIOL 496), students learn about careers in biology, research methods, and present and share the results of their research. BIOL 460, and 461 also provide an opportunity for biology majors to take part in research under faculty supervision; BIOL 460 and BIOL 461 are required for all B.S. majors.
Students entering the biology major must have successfully completed BIOL 200 and BIOL 201 or equivalent courses and achieved a major GPA of 2.0 or higher at the time of declaration.
Learning outcomes for this program may be found at www.redlands.edu/BA-BIOL/learning-outcomes.
Learning outcomes for this program may be found at www.redlands.edu/BS-BIOL/learning-outcomes.
Please note that the requirements include:
Five additional courses from BIOL 260 – BIOL 360 (except BIOL 341) of which a minimum of three must include a significant laboratory or field component, by contract with department faculty.
Introduction to the study of the diversity of living organisms and how organisms meet the challenges faced by all living things. Laboratory work emphasizes quantitative data collection and analysis while introducing students to biological diversity and physiological techniques.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131.
Introduction to the study of life including molecules and biological processes, the structure of cells, and molecular and transmission genetics. Laboratory work emphasizes biochemical and genetic techniques, data collection and analysis.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131 or by permission.
An introduction to ecology, including populations and their environments. The course will provide an introduction to the study of animal behavior and the topic of conservation. Laboratory work will include field trips to biological communities of Southern California and the collection and analysis of quantitative data.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and BIOL 201.
This course emphasizes the importance of molecular genetics in contemporary biology. Patterns of inheritance, gene structure and function, and techniques using recombinant DNA technology will be emphasized. Laboratory includes classical genetic analysis as well as molecular and biochemical techniques.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and 201.
Recent advances in biology presented in a seminar format by Redlands faculty, seniors, and visiting scholars.
Credit/no credit only.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. One career-focused seminar, one discussion period, three hours laboratory, and additional independent laboratory time expected per week. Together, BIOL 460 and 461 satisfy the university capstone requirement. Offered as needed.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. One career-focused seminar, one discussion period, three hours laboratory, and additional independent laboratory time expected per week. Together, BIOL 460 and 461 satisfy the university capstone requirement.
Offered as needed.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Related Field Requirements:
Introduction to chemistry, including properties, structure, and reactivity of atoms and molecules, with concurrent laboratory. CHEM 131 covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure, stoichiometry, aqueous reactions, states of matter, molecular structure and bonding, and thermochemistry. Four hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisites: Placement into MATH 100 or higher mathematics course, completion of MATH 100 or higher mathematics course, or permission of chemistry department.
Corequisite: CHEM 131L.
Introduction to chemistry, including properties, structure, and reactivity of atoms and molecules, with concurrent laboratory. First semester covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure, stoichiometry, aqueous reactions, states of matter, molecular structure and bonding, and thermochemistry. Second semester emphasizes group projects in equilibrium, electrochemistry, thermodynamics, kinetics, inorganic synthesis, and spectroscopy. Fall: four hours lecture and three hours laboratory. Spring: seven hours laboratory and group learning.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131 with a minimum grade of 2.0 or higher or by permission. Placement into or completion of MATH 118 or higher. Mathematics course or permission of Chemistry department.
Chemistry of carbon-containing compounds; their structure, nomenclature, physical properties, spectroscopy (IR, GC-MS, NMR), stereochemistry, chemical reactivities, mechanisms of reaction, and synthesis. Four hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite for CHEM 231: Grade of 2.0 or higher in CHEM 132.
Chemistry of carbon-containing compounds; their structure, nomenclature, physical properties, spectroscopy (IR, GC-MS, NMR), stereochemistry, chemical reactivities, mechanisms of reaction, and synthesis. Four hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite for CHEM 232: CHEM 231.
Please note that course options include:
MATH 118 and 119 or MATH 121 or MATH 120
And one course from MATH 111, MATH 122, PSYC 250, or POLI 202.
For students whose programs require calculus but who, based on their background and placement examination scores, are not prepared for MATH 121. Topics from precalculus include properties of linear, rational, exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions; and compositions, transformations, and inverses of these functions. Calculus topics include successive approximation and limits of functions; local linearity and differentiation; applications of differentiation to graphing and optimization; and the definite integral, antiderivatives, and differential equations.
Prerequisite: MATH 002L or Math Placement at MATH 118 level or by permission.
For students whose programs require calculus but who, based on their background and placement examination scores, are not prepared for MATH 121. Topics from precalculus include properties of linear, rational, exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions; and compositions, transformations, and inverses of these functions. Calculus topics include successive approximation and limits of functions; local linearity and differentiation; applications of differentiation to graphing and optimization; and the definite integral, antiderivatives, and differential equations.
Prerequisite: MATH 118 or by permission.
Functions and their graphs; successive approximation and limits; local linearity and differentiation; applications of differentiation to graphing and optimization; and the definite integral, antiderivatives, and differential equations.
Prerequisite: Permission based on Mathematics Placement Exam.
Intended for business, environmental science, or other related fields. The following topics are presented with applications in the business world and applied science: functions, graphs, limits, exponential and logarithmic functions, differentiation, integration, and relevant applications of integration and optimization. This course is NOT a prerequisite for MATH 122.
Prerequisite: MATH 002L or Math Placement at MATH 118 level or by permission.
Offered every year.
Numeric grading only.
Descriptive and inferential statistics for students from diverse fields. Distribution, correlation, probability, hypothesis testing, use of tables, and examination of the misuse of statistics and relation of statistics to vital aspects of life. Computer packages used as tools throughout the course.
Prerequisite: Mathematics placement at MATH 100 / 101 level or by permission.
Riemann sums and the definite integral; techniques of integration and application of integrals; introduction to differential equation; sequences and series.
Prerequisite: MATH 121 or MATH 119 or by permission.
Introduction to the use of descriptive and inferential statistics in the collection of data and the interpretation of research in psychology and education.
Prerequisite: PSYC 100 or by permission.
Principles of hypothesis development and testing, strategies for making controlled comparisons, principles of statistical inference, and tests of statistical significance. Development and testing of important research questions using such prominent data sets as the General Social Survey and the National Election Series.
Choose one of the following groups:
Introduction to Newtonian mechanics, fluids, and thermodynamics. Includes lecture and laboratory components. Expects competency in high school algebra, geometry, and trigonometry.
Introduction to oscillations, waves, electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Includes lecture and laboratory components.
Prerequisite: PHYS 220.
Quantitative study of classical Newtonian mechanics. Includes lecture and laboratory components.
Prerequisite: MATH 119, MATH 121, MATH 122 or MATH 221.
Introduction to classical electricity and magnetism. Includes lecture and laboratory components.
Prerequisite: PHYS 231; Pre- or corequisite: MATH 122 or MATH 221.
Note: Degree contracts must be approved by the end of the second semester of the junior year or, in the case of upper-division transfer students, the end of the first semester of residence.
Bachelor of Arts
Students who are not planning a research career, and wish to build depth or breadth in other disciplines, may wish to consider the Bachelor of Arts in Biology. This degree can be combined with a minor or second major in another discipline.
Introduction to the study of the diversity of living organisms and how organisms meet the challenges faced by all living things. Laboratory work emphasizes quantitative data collection and analysis while introducing students to biological diversity and physiological techniques.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131.
Introduction to the study of life including molecules and biological processes, the structure of cells, and molecular and transmission genetics. Laboratory work emphasizes biochemical and genetic techniques, data collection and analysis.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131 or by permission.
An introduction to ecology, including populations and their environments. The course will provide an introduction to the study of animal behavior and the topic of conservation. Laboratory work will include field trips to biological communities of Southern California and the collection and analysis of quantitative data.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and BIOL 201.
This course emphasizes the importance of molecular genetics in contemporary biology. Patterns of inheritance, gene structure and function, and techniques using recombinant DNA technology will be emphasized. Laboratory includes classical genetic analysis as well as molecular and biochemical techniques.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and 201.
Introduction to chemistry, including properties, structure, and reactivity of atoms and molecules, with concurrent laboratory. CHEM 131 covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure, stoichiometry, aqueous reactions, states of matter, molecular structure and bonding, and thermochemistry. Four hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisites: Placement into MATH 100 or higher mathematics course, completion of MATH 100 or higher mathematics course, or permission of chemistry department.
Corequisite: CHEM 131L.
Introduction to chemistry, including properties, structure, and reactivity of atoms and molecules, with concurrent laboratory. First semester covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure, stoichiometry, aqueous reactions, states of matter, molecular structure and bonding, and thermochemistry. Second semester emphasizes group projects in equilibrium, electrochemistry, thermodynamics, kinetics, inorganic synthesis, and spectroscopy. Fall: four hours lecture and three hours laboratory. Spring: seven hours laboratory and group learning.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131 with a minimum grade of 2.0 or higher or by permission. Placement into or completion of MATH 118 or higher. Mathematics course or permission of Chemistry department.
Chemistry of carbon-containing compounds; their structure, nomenclature, physical properties, spectroscopy (IR, GC-MS, NMR), stereochemistry, chemical reactivities, mechanisms of reaction, and synthesis. Four hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite for CHEM 231: Grade of 2.0 or higher in CHEM 132.
Chemistry of carbon-containing compounds; their structure, nomenclature, physical properties, spectroscopy (IR, GC-MS, NMR), stereochemistry, chemical reactivities, mechanisms of reaction, and synthesis. Four hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite for CHEM 232: CHEM 231.
For students whose programs require calculus but who, based on their background and placement examination scores, are not prepared for MATH 121. Topics from precalculus include properties of linear, rational, exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions; and compositions, transformations, and inverses of these functions. Calculus topics include successive approximation and limits of functions; local linearity and differentiation; applications of differentiation to graphing and optimization; and the definite integral, antiderivatives, and differential equations.
Prerequisite: MATH 002L or Math Placement at MATH 118 level or by permission.
Intended for business, environmental science, or other related fields. The following topics are presented with applications in the business world and applied science: functions, graphs, limits, exponential and logarithmic functions, differentiation, integration, and relevant applications of integration and optimization. This course is NOT a prerequisite for MATH 122.
Prerequisite: MATH 002L or Math Placement at MATH 118 level or by permission.
Offered every year.
Numeric grading only.
Functions and their graphs; successive approximation and limits; local linearity and differentiation; applications of differentiation to graphing and optimization; and the definite integral, antiderivatives, and differential equations.
Prerequisite: Permission based on Mathematics Placement Exam.
Introduction to Newtonian mechanics, fluids, and thermodynamics. Includes lecture and laboratory components. Expects competency in high school algebra, geometry, and trigonometry.
Quantitative study of classical Newtonian mechanics. Includes lecture and laboratory components.
Prerequisite: MATH 119, MATH 121, MATH 122 or MATH 221.
Descriptive and inferential statistics for students from diverse fields. Distribution, correlation, probability, hypothesis testing, use of tables, and examination of the misuse of statistics and relation of statistics to vital aspects of life. Computer packages used as tools throughout the course.
Prerequisite: Mathematics placement at MATH 100 / 101 level or by permission.
Introduction to the use of descriptive and inferential statistics in the collection of data and the interpretation of research in psychology and education.
Prerequisite: PSYC 100 or by permission.
Principles of hypothesis development and testing, strategies for making controlled comparisons, principles of statistical inference, and tests of statistical significance. Development and testing of important research questions using such prominent data sets as the General Social Survey and the National Election Series.
Electives
Three additional courses from BIOL 260 – BIOL 360 (except BIOL 341) of which a minimum of two must include a significant laboratory or field component, by contract with department faculty.
Choose one of the following groups:
BIOL 394, BIOL 495, BIOL 496, and completion of Senior Seminar Capstone project.
Or
BIOL 394, BIOL 460, and BIOL 461.
Recent advances in biology presented in a seminar format by Redlands faculty, seniors, and visiting scholars.
Credit/no credit only.
In the fall, the course covers B.A. capstone and career development. In the spring, seniors present their capstone projects.
Numeric grading only.
In the fall, the course covers B.A. capstone and career development. In the spring, seniors present their capstone projects.
Numeric grading only.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. One career-focused seminar, one discussion period, three hours laboratory, and additional independent laboratory time expected per week. Together, BIOL 460 and 461 satisfy the university capstone requirement. Offered as needed.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. One career-focused seminar, one discussion period, three hours laboratory, and additional independent laboratory time expected per week. Together, BIOL 460 and 461 satisfy the university capstone requirement.
Offered as needed.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Note: Degree contracts must be approved by the end of the second semester of the junior year or, in the case of upper-division transfer students, the end of the first semester of residence.
The Minor
Please note that the minor requirements include three additional courses from BIOL 238 – BIOL 360 (except BIOL 341) of which a minimum of two must include a significant laboratory or field component, by contract with department faculty.
Introduction to the study of the diversity of living organisms and how organisms meet the challenges faced by all living things. Laboratory work emphasizes quantitative data collection and analysis while introducing students to biological diversity and physiological techniques.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131.
Introduction to the study of life including molecules and biological processes, the structure of cells, and molecular and transmission genetics. Laboratory work emphasizes biochemical and genetic techniques, data collection and analysis.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131 or by permission.
An introduction to ecology, including populations and their environments. The course will provide an introduction to the study of animal behavior and the topic of conservation. Laboratory work will include field trips to biological communities of Southern California and the collection and analysis of quantitative data.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and BIOL 201.
This course emphasizes the importance of molecular genetics in contemporary biology. Patterns of inheritance, gene structure and function, and techniques using recombinant DNA technology will be emphasized. Laboratory includes classical genetic analysis as well as molecular and biochemical techniques.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and 201.
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Please see the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology section of this Catalog.
Premedical and Other Health Professions
Premedical students should refer to the Premed Program description in the Integrated Programs of Study section of this Catalog.
Teaching Credential Subject Matter Program in Biology
In compliance with federal No Child Left Behind legislation, students who wish to be certified to teach science must major in the subject, as well as pass the relevant CSET (California Subject Examinations for Teachers; previously the SSAT/PRAXIS examination). Students earning a Multiple Subject Credential may add subject matter authorization in biology by completing a minor in biology. Students should meet with an advisor in the School of Education for information regarding certification and the teacher preparation program. Most students complete the teacher preparation program, including student teaching, during their fifth year of study. Please refer to the School of Education section of this Catalog for further information regarding teaching certification requirements.
Advanced Placement in Biology
Permission to waive the Biology major requirement for BIOL 200 or BIOL 201 may be granted to students with AP scores of four or five or with IB scores of six or seven based on an interview with department faculty.
Departmental Honors
The Department of Biology offers the opportunity for honors research to those outstanding biology majors desiring to undertake substantive original research during their senior year. Application to pursue honors must be made to the Biology Department during the second semester of the junior year. Students selected for honors will carry out, with the guidance of a member of the department faculty or other departmentally approved professional, an empirical research project that includes:
• problems definition and experimental design;
• literature search;
• laboratory or field data collection and analysis;
• preparation of a manuscript suitable for submission to a selected journal;
a public presentation and defense of the project before an examining
committee, consisting of members of the department and at least one
person outside the department.
More specific guidelines regarding format and a timetable for completion of honors projects are available from the Biology Department.
To be awarded honors, students must complete all components of the project as outlined above at a level of academic performance acceptable to the examining committee.
Study Abroad
Students wishing to study abroad for a semester can usually do so by careful scheduling, arranged with the help of their faculty advisors.
Preparation for Biology 131 for students without strong honors or AP courses in high school. Course includes both a discussion section for general chemistry as well as a preview of the material in principles of biology.
Corequisite: CHEM 131.
Explanation of current developments in modern molecular biology that affect the lives of non-scientists. Topics such as DNA testing and genetically engineered foods, vaccines, and drugs are discussed. Provides basic information about DNA and an opportunity to perform techniques used in genetic engineering.
Offered as needed.
Emphasis on overriding concepts in understanding how the brain works and the experience of scientific inquiry. Focus on experimental methods, functional anatomy, and neurologic disorders, highlighting what is known about the nervous system. For non-biology majors only. Credit cannot be received for both BIOL 104 and BIOL 326.
Offered as needed.
Non-teleological account of life using concepts about genes, protein synthesis, reproduction, sex, and evolution. Three hours lecture.
Offered as needed.
Numeric grade only.
Exploration of various concepts selected from evolution, ecology, genetics, physiology, morphology, development, and behavior. Four hours lecture and laboratory.
Biological phenomena observable in natural flora and fauna, including ecology, behavior, life cycles, and evolution. Emphasis on understanding plants and animals observed in nature. Four hours lecture and discussion.
Environmentally oriented issues of current concern as they relate to fundamental generalizations about ecology. Sharpens the layman’s critical powers of observation and analysis and provides tools for intelligent decision making. Three hours lecture and three hours lab.
Offered as needed.
Designed to present a general knowledge of the human body in health and disease. Topics include exercise physiology, nutrition, human heredity and genetic testing, mechanisms of disease, cancer, infectious and emerging illnesses, and gene therapy. The format will include lecture-discussion and laboratory experiments.
Offered as needed.
An introduction to the marine environment. Emphasis will be on the geologic history, inhabitants, and ecology of marine ecosystems. Evolutionary history and adaptations of various groups of marine organisms will be addressed. There also will be several optional field trips to coastal sites.
Offered as needed.
Numeric grade only.
Basic concepts in microbiology are explored by studying organisms, both harmful and beneficial, in our surroundings. Viruses, fungi, and bacteria are studied in the laboratory. Students design and implement a long-term research project during the semester.
Offered as needed.
Numeric grade only.
The course traces the development of ideas to explain the great diversity of living things, from the ancient Greeks to Charles Darwin and his theory of the evolution by natural selection, advances in evolutionary biology since Darwin, and the explanatory power of evolutionary theory and its impact on society.
Exploration of biological concepts through the topic of food. Topics covered may include nutrition, food science, and traditional and alternative agriculture. Scientific literacy and scientific method are emphasized. Six hours integrated lecture and lab.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Offered as needed.
Meditation can be a personal or group practice, but it is also a topic of scientific investigation. Students will try a variety of meditative techniques, conduct laboratory experiments to assess the impact of meditation on the brain and body, and read recent scientific articles on meditation and neuroscience.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Introduction to the biology of how the human body functions during and adapts to physical activity. Investigates the structure and function of the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the responses of the body to exercise, adaptation to training, metabolism, and nutrition, and the causes and prevention of common injuries. In laboratory, students study functional anatomy and conduct physiology experiments; some labs will involve gym activities.
Offered as needed.
Numeric grade only.
Topics in biology of interest to non-majors.
Introduction to the study of the diversity of living organisms and how organisms meet the challenges faced by all living things. Laboratory work emphasizes quantitative data collection and analysis while introducing students to biological diversity and physiological techniques.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131.
Introduction to the study of life including molecules and biological processes, the structure of cells, and molecular and transmission genetics. Laboratory work emphasizes biochemical and genetic techniques, data collection and analysis.
Prerequisite: CHEM 131 or by permission.
An introduction to ecology, including populations and their environments. The course will provide an introduction to the study of animal behavior and the topic of conservation. Laboratory work will include field trips to biological communities of Southern California and the collection and analysis of quantitative data.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and BIOL 201.
This course emphasizes the importance of molecular genetics in contemporary biology. Patterns of inheritance, gene structure and function, and techniques using recombinant DNA technology will be emphasized. Laboratory includes classical genetic analysis as well as molecular and biochemical techniques.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and 201.
Topics of current interest in biology are covered.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239 or by permission.
Offered as needed.
Speakers representing various careers in Biology. May be repeated for degree credit for a maximum of 3 credits. Cannot be taken concurrently with BIOL 495 or BIOL 460.
Credit/no credit only.
In-depth study of the structure of the human body through lecture/discussions and laboratory exercises. Laboratories will involve examination of anatomical models and dissection of preserved specimens. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
Offered as needed. Students may not earn credit in both BIOL 317 and BIOL 337.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239.
Numeric grade only.
Travel course to investigate the ecology of coastal waters and how organisms are adapted to diverse habitats. A case study approach will illustrate threats to the local animal species and their environment. Meetings with experts will provide a variety of viewpoints on these complex conservation topics.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238 or EVST 100.
Clinical aspects of genetic disease and current issues in medical genetics. Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of genetic diseases; rare inheritance patterns (anticipation, imprinting); complex genetics (diabetes, obesity, mental illness, cancer); gene therapy; embryonic stem cells/ cloning; genetic counseling; ethics; and governmental legislation. Intensive writing and reading of primary literature. No laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Study of cellular/molecular mechanisms, anatomy, circuitry, and functions of the nervous system. Emphasis on clinical neurology and experimental methods. Includes topics such as the senses, movement, language, emotions, consciousness, and learning. The laboratory includes descriptive and hypothesis testing activities. Credit cannot be received for both BIOL 104 and BIOL 326.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239 or PSYC 300.
Offered as needed.
Analysis of the biotic and abiotic factors controlling the distribution and abundance of plant and animal species. Emphasis on ecological relationships of individuals and populations. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238.
Offered in alternate years.
The physiology, biochemistry, and practical aspects of nutrition along with an examination of current controversial issues. Four-and-a-half hours of lecture.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Humans are the products of three billion years of evolution. Our evolutionary legacy can shed interesting light on many medical problems. The course discusses such topics as the evolution of aging and death, coevolution with our parasites, and medical problems associated with our recent very novel environment.
Prerequisites: BIOL 200 and BIOL 201.
Comparison at the cellular, organ, and whole animal levels of physiological adaptations exhibited by various invertebrate and vertebrate animals, including humans. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory. Students may not earn credit in both BIOL 334 and BIOL 344.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Comprehensive examination of the insects including their structure, function/physiology, diversity, behavior, and ecology. Fieldwork and labwork are stressed, including field collection, laboratory curation, and identification of terrestrial and aquatic insects to the family level. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238 or EVST-100 or by permission.
Offered as needed.
Comprehensive exploration of plants from cellular to organismal level. Topics include anatomy, morphology, fundamentals of physiology, and systematics. Lab work and fieldwork are stressed. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 200 or EVST 100.
Offered as needed.
Comparative anatomy, function, and evolution of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. Laboratory includes dissection of preserved specimens. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. Students may not earn credit for both BIOL 317 and BIOL 337.
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 238 or BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
An in-depth study of cell biology: how a living cell emerges from the complex network of its chemical components and the social interactions among cells. Topics include cell membranes, energetics, cell signaling, cytoskeleton, cell-division cycle, stem cells, and cancer. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Investigation of the major animal phyla, illuminating the widely different ways in which functioning animals are constructed. Emphasis on protozoans and arthropods. Dissection is involved. Experience in recognizing and culturing invertebrates. Six hours laboratory/lecture.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 or EVST 100.
Offered as needed.
Analysis of the ecology, population biology, and behavior that is needed to understand the process of extinction.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 or EVST 100.
Offered as needed.
Provides an opportunity to observe in the emergency room at Loma Linda University Medical Center or Arrowhead County Hospital and to explore some of the issues generated by those observations. May be repeated for degree credit up to 2 credits, with preference given to non-repeating students.
Credit/no credit only.
Exploration of the analysis of nucleic acid and protein sequence through the use of computer software and high throughput molecular methods. Topics include genome sequencing, the study of gene expression and function, and applications in medicine.
Prerequisite: BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
An in-depth study of cell biology: how a living cell emerges from the complex network of its chemical components and the social interactions among cells. Topics include cell membranes, energetics, cell signaling, cytoskeleton, cell-division cycle, stem cells, and cancer. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Functioning of the human body at the cellular, systems, and whole animal level. Emphasis on nervous, endocrine, renal, and cardiovascular systems and their interrelationships. Students may not earn credit for both BIOL 334 and BIOL 344.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Study of the physiological, molecular, and cellular basis of host defense. Emphasis will be on the human immune system and its pathogens. Diseases of the immune system, such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, lupus, and AIDS will also be examined.
Prerequisite: BIOL 239.
Descriptive and experimental approach to the development of selected vertebrate and invertebrate animals from fertilization through aging. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Interactions of plants with their environment at population, community, and ecosystem levels. Exploring plant communities in a selected region, considering land use history, discussing regional conservation and restoration challenges, and learning methods of plant ecology fieldwork. Fieldwork-intensive, with observations complementing lecture and discussion. Two hours lecture and four hours fieldwork.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238 or EVST 100.
Evolution of social behavior, with an emphasis on the ecological factors that mold species’ social organization. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 238.
Offered as needed.
Analysis of the status of neo-Darwinism, emphasizing areas of controversy. Essays and problem sets provide training in evolutionary reasoning. Three hours lecture.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 and BIOL 239.
Offered as needed.
Recent research developments in biology. An in-depth analysis of the primary literature and the interconnection of fields commonly divided into separate courses will be emphasized. Topics vary with semester. Examples include human genetics, developmental genetics, and cancer biology.
Prerequisites: BIOL 238 or BIOL 239. May be repeated for degree credit for maximum of 8 credits with the instructor’s permission.
Offered as needed.
Recent advances in biology presented in a seminar format by Redlands faculty, seniors, and visiting scholars.
Credit/no credit only.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. May be repeated up to 9 credits.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. One career-focused seminar, one discussion period, three hours laboratory, and additional independent laboratory time expected per week. Together, BIOL 460 and 461 satisfy the university capstone requirement. Offered as needed.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
Selected areas of biology studied through experimental work. Areas selected range from the molecular cellular level, to organismal, to ecology and the environment. One career-focused seminar, one discussion period, three hours laboratory, and additional independent laboratory time expected per week. Together, BIOL 460 and 461 satisfy the university capstone requirement.
Offered as needed.
Numeric and Evaluation grade only.
In the fall, the course covers B.A. capstone and career development. In the spring, seniors present their capstone projects.
Numeric grading only.
In the fall, the course covers B.A. capstone and career development. In the spring, seniors present their capstone projects.
Numeric grading only.